Illuminating apparatus designed for use in flash-signaling.



PATENTED JULY 24, 1906. A. ROSENBERG. ILLUMINATING APPA 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

RATES DESIGNED FOR USE IN FLASH SIGNALING.

APPLICATION FILED DEU.20.1904.

ATTORNEY,

PATENTB D JULY 24, 1906.

SENBERG.

A. B0 ILLUMINATING APPARATUS DESIG FLASE SIGNALING.

NED FUR USE IN APPLICATION FILED DEG.ZO. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

N0- 826,887. PATENTE D JULY 24, 1906.

A. ROSENBERG.

ILLUMINATING APPARATUS DESIGNED FOR USE IN FLASH SIGNALING.

- APPLICATION FILED DEO.20,1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATEUT chem-E;

AUGUSTUS ROSENBERG, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE INTERNA'LIONAL OXY-GENERATOR SYNDICATE LIM lTED, (MANU- FACTURERS) OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

. ILLUMINATING APPARATUS DESIGNED FQR USE IN FLASH-SIGNALING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 1906.

Application filed December 20,1904. Serial No. 237,664..

To all whom it may concern.-

Be itiknown that I, AUeUsrUs Rosan- BERG, engineer, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of 259 High Holborn, London, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in and connected with illuminating apparatus more especially desi ned for use in flash-signaling, of which the fodlowing is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus primarily designed for o tical signaling, but applicable also as searc -light apparatus.

The invention has for its objects to fprovide self-contained apparatus capable o being packed away in a small compass when not in use and wherein, as compared with other similar apparatus, first, a larger proportion of the light maybe utilized; second, the projected beam of light will have a rela tively greater range of transmission or penetrative power coupled with diminished liability of the signals being read by persons for whom they are not intended.

The invention has further for its object to enable the apparatus to be used as a sightingtelescope for rapidly and accurately alining the beam on the distant station and for enabling signals thence transmitted to be received and road; to cause 'be flashing-shutter to give instant full opein without obscuration, thiis permitting averyclear distinction to bcohtained between the dot and the dash signals of the Morse or similar codes, and, third, to avoid liability of vibrations being imparted to the learn of light consequent on the Work ing of the shutter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevationof the preferred form of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section of the same on the plane of. the optical axis. Fig. 3 is a transverse section showing a face view of the flashing-shutter and its support. Fig. 4 is a central vertical transverse section of the lantern fitted with a parailin-oil lamp. Fig. 5 is a rear view of the plate 83, showing the shutter-blades.

The same reference-numerals denote like parts in all the figures. v

The apparatus comprises a closed lantern 1 whereof the front wall is formed by a plate 2, integral with a casting 3, provided at its lower part with a horizontal ring 4, which is fitted to rotate, as usual, about the head 5 of the tripod-stand, the ring 4 being split and provided with a thumb-screw 6;whereby the apparatus can be clamped in any angular position to which it may be adjusted.

The

plate 2 is situated approximately in or slightly to the rear of the vertical axis of the tripod-head, the lantern-body 1, and lenssupporting arm 7, hereinafter described, (which is also attached to the casting 3,) projecting toward the rear and front ofsaid axis respectively, so as to cause the weight of the apparatus as a whole to be approximately p5 balanced about its point of support.

In order that the lantern-body 1 may be easily detached from the plate 2 to allow access to be readily obtained to the interior of the lantern, the front edge of the outer wall of the body 1 fits over a rearwardly-projecting flange 8 on the plate 2 and is secured in position by a set-screw 9 at each side of the lantern. Each of the screws wall of the lantern-body and enters a tapped hole in the flange, the screw-head turning in a ring or shackle on the end of a chain 10, attached to, the casting 3, whereby its loss is prevented. The front edge of the lantern 9 passes through a hole in the plate, forn: ing the outer body fits against the rim 11, formed by the from the outer wall 1 by an air-space 13, and

the inner bottom plate 14 being separated from the outer bottom plate 15 by an airspace 16, the spaces 13 and 16 communicating with one another at each side of the lantern through a screen 17 of wire-gauze,'

whereby the current of air passing through the spaces on its way to the point of conibustion' is caused to distribute itself equally over the whole cross-sectional area of the passage constituted by the spaces 13 and 16, and thus to become equa y heated by .50 ceived from the distant station.

,being spreed'cvenly over the surface of the inner wall of the lantern. The, air-supply reaches the top of the space 13 by we of an annular passage 18, surrounding the lanternchirriney. the inner and outer walls of said passage being formed by tubes l9 and 29, rising from corresponding apertures the top of the inner and. outer walls 12 end i. of the lantern. The upper end. of the inner no tube i9 carries 21 Wide flange 21, adopted to exclude min and direct downdrci'ts from. the passage 18,-snd in order to also exclude "fluctuating draft-s caused by gusts of Wind, -.which efter'glencing off the rounded top of [5 "llhQ1Elll1tBTH in en upward direction might "be diverted downward by the flange 21 into the annular passage 18, c'wide iienge similar to 21, surrounds the outer tube st "'onvenient distance below the leycl of songs 21, another and. narrower euxiliery fls e 23 being preferably provided. eround the p of the tube 20.

The chimney 244s made telescopic, so as to be cc able of being collapsed as for 2 practical) e within the lentenl-body when hot in use, the lower section 25 being fitted to slide through the tube 19. The chimneycowl 26' may be constructed in any usual manner for preventing the access of direct 3o downdraft to the interior of the lantern, and )ln order as far as possible to prevent the admission of fluctuating drafts caused by gusts of Wind glancing upward from the sides of the chimney end so gaining entrance 5 beneath the depending outer skirt 27 of the cowl a, flange 28 is provided on. the upper section ofthe chimney st 'a, convenient level beneath the ed e of the skirt 27.

The 'lenternody is closed st roe by e 0 hinged door 30, and at each side of the lan-- tern smell ertures 31, registering with one soother one connected by a tube 32, ss hown, are provided in the inner and outer wells 0 ,poslte to the time for the purpose 0th 0 eneoling the letter to be inspected end also of affording light at night-time for respective attendants whose duty it is to read out to the signsler the message to be transmitted end to record the signals re- To enable the sp arctus to be conveniently carried, e ljcil lnrndlc 33 is pivoted,

" prelerebly, to the flange 23., as st 3c, the arrengement being such that when the chim- 5 5 ney'is colic sed the handle can be raised so as to stredd s over the cliim'ne top.

. Fig. 4 shows the deteils o tlxe preferred construction of e chimneylcss lamp for burznng paraffin-oil and the like, this lamp 6o bein preferably prowided with more than I one at wick (two being shown in Fig. 25) ar re 7 ed one behind the other.

. e oil-reservoir 35 is supported b .lestli the outerbottom plate 15 Of-l'lle lamp-body by lugs 36 on the outer wall 1, the said well extending below the plate 15, which lugs entor sockets on the reserr air and are locked therein by dowel-pins 88, the reservoir beprov'ided with stops tor presenting the ccmgclcte Witlid swell dowel-pins The inner and outer bottom plates 1415 are sport-riled to arise pessegc to the lamp burner, the boulder or rim $2 of whose outer cone adopted to fit against end so close the aperture in the upper piste 14-; While it cosmmg' e l, upstanding from the reservoir, encircles and. closes the eperture in the lower plot-e i5. this srrengernent only sir-supply to the lamp (except here-- incftcr mentioned) is tlist derived from the specs i6 the pistes il iend 15, which air lies elresdy become highly hosted by trevcrsi...gthe passages 18 13, already described. lie heated sir passes from the 16 through the nsusl epertured support s25 of the burnerecone into the specs witlnn ssid cone surrounding Wick tube or tubes and in order "to so subdivide i738 stress: of sir which rises around the Wick tallies its gusrcl sgsinst sudden finctnetions in. the pressure of the current s perforated diepliregm i? is provided within the cone &3, so to extend over the whole are, the eir feedi pesssge therein.

in order to prevent the burner from. becoming ever tested, a row of perforations 43 is provided ltlmll'ld the upper pert of the cone t3, the displiregm li also serving to eneble the current of sf passing to the burner tosbstreet e considerellle amount of heat from the cone 43cnd Wick tube or tubes 46.

in order to prevent es for as possible transmission or llGE-ft from the burner'to the oil-reservoir, there is inte posed between the reservoir top and the shoulder surrounding the lower part of the burner end upon which the letter rests 11 thick weslier 50, of non conductive rnoteriel, wherein is formed the bayonet-joint. slot for securing the burner in position, so tluit no-direct conduction of heat can tslrc place at this point from the metal burner. to tlic mete top of the reservoir. .l ioreover, the inner bottom plete '14 of the lantern-body is covered by e layer ofesbes tos, upon which rests s plate 51, of talc, so

tlnrt radiant lies-it felling upon plate 14 is reflected therefrom. This plate 1% may also be insulated. by means of non-oonductive materiel from the inner side Wells 12 of the lantern, whereby said plate is so ported.

To enable the lamp wick or vvicirs to be ads justerl vitliout opening the lantern, smell.

sperture for the of e Winding-key for ms. Wiolai-ediusting spindle 53 is resided, st 5%, in the side oi tlie'lenternod oelow the level of the bottom plate 15 sad 2, corresponding aperture in tlie coeming Mi. ioprevont t sit-wring produced. by the Work o lash-shutter ellccting the height of EQO , gojected rays as wou braked, preferably, by a still' spring attached to the burner and bearing against the spin dle, so as to check its accidental rotation.

The lantern is provided with a main, reflector-.63 in rear of the source of light and preferably attached by spring-clips 64 to the door 30, and with a second or auxiliary rcllector 65, which is attached likewise preferably by spring-clips 66 to the front wall 2 and adapted to return to the main reflector (or to the source of li ht) such forwardlyld otherwise be lost.

oth reflectors 63 and may be spherical and concentric with the source of light, so as to return thereto all rays which may fall upon them. The auxiliary reflector 65 has a central aperture which registers with a corresponding aperture in the front wall 2 of the lantern-body, these apertures being of a size ust suflicient to give passage to the beam of light on its way to the rear or negative lens (or combination of lenses) 67, the latter being mounted in a tube 68, adapted to slide through the aperture in plate 2, so as to be adjustable to suit the focal length of the lens or lenses.

In order to prevent access of air to the interior of the lanti rrn should the lens 67 be withdrawn for any purpose, the aperture through which the tube 68 slides is provided externally with a pivoted shutter 69, Whereby to temporarily close said aperture. In order to prevent dimming of the lens 67 by condensation of vapor upon its surface, narrow slits 70 are provided in theupper and lower sides of the lens-tube 68 outside its bearing in the plate 2, so as to permit air to circulate or pass across the inner surface of the lens.

The arrangement of lenses indicated in Fig. 2 is designed with a view to obtaining with a comparatively large source of light,

such as the flame of an oil-lamp or gas-jet,

and with lenses of cheap construction such as can be readily replaced if injured by the rough .usage to which military signaling apparatus is liable to be subjected, a beam having the least practicable angle of dispersion.

The front or positive lens (ornombinat on of lenses) 71 is carried at the front end of the arm. '7, already mentioned, so as to be in alinement with the axis of the beam emitted by the lantern, the weight of the arm 7 and of the lantern-body approximately balancing one another on either side of the vertical axis of the tripod-head 5, as previously mentionv l. The relative arrangement of the front or positive lens 71 and the real or negarive lens 67 to one another and tothe source be to a considerable extent corrected and the penetrative power of the beam to be correspondingly increased. practice tiat by the em 'iloyment of a lamp aving more than one flat wick one behind,

for example, by means of a squared stem 7 2,-

fitting in a correspondinglysquared'hole in the arm-a thumb-screw 7 3 being provided for the purpose ofsecuring the lens in position, or the stem of the lens might fit into a block adapt-ed. to slide in or on a guide in the arm 7 in a direction parallel to the optical axisfso to allow of the position of the lens being adjusted or the purpose of regulating the angle of dispersion of the beam or for other reasons. 1

The lens-supporting arm 7 is pivoted at 74 to brackets on the casting 3, so as to be capable of being folded upward out of the way when not in use. When the arm 7 is ex tended, as shown, so as to bring the lens 71 into position for use, a downward projection or lug 7 5 on the arm rests against a stop 011 the casting 3 and may be securedin this position by a dowel-pin 77, so as to prevent the lens 71 from being thrown upwar by violent gusts of wind. i

The employment of an arrangement of lenses such as described enables a comparatively small light and rapidly-movable flashing-shutter to be used, the construction of the apparatus also enabling this shutter to beplaced as nearly as possible directly over the axis of the tripod-head 5, so that little or no vibration will be caused by the' operation of the shutter. The preferred form of shutter is a pair of crescent-shaped blades 78 79, pivoted about a common axis 80, so as to move in opposite directions in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, the two blades being normally caused to overlap one another at It is also found in their concave edges by a spring 81 and being caused to separate (in opposition to the force of the spring) so as to give passage to the beam by the pressure of thelingerupon a push-piece 82. The axis 80 consists (if a stud fixed in a carrier-plate 83, mounted immediately in front of the negative lens 67 and having an aperture registering therewith, the shutter-blades 7 8 79 working behind the carrier 83 and in front of the lens 67. The push-piece 82, which is situated directly over the optical axis, actuates both. blades simultaneously through the medium of a slide 84, working in vertical guides at the front of car rier 83 and having the s ring 81 attached to it and to a stud on said plate, asindicated,

end a lens situated at a distance from the a. circular opening for permitting the passage and its mirror being adapted to be brought to of a beam of light when the blades are open, 5 such osition as to enable the apparatus to and means for manipulating the shutters in i be uti ized as a telescope for alining the beam 1 v unison.

8. The combination with optical signaling eeiving signals transmitted therefrom, by inappmretns comprising e lantern, a shutter direct vision.

AUGUSTUS ROSENBERG.

lantern, of telescopic eyepiece mounted in a carrier movebly attached to the lantern-body Witnesses:

and provided with an obhquelydisposed l D. JAMESON, mirror or its optical eqin'vnlent, the eyepiece I F. L RAND.

i of light upon the distant station and for rei r 

